Depend on economic approach to lower the emission? (Part 2)

        CDM stands for Clean Development Mechanism. In 2003, Kyoto Protocol established a market for international trading and lowered carbon dioxide emission by giving subsidies to less developed countries. When developing countries adopting latest technologies that are environmentally friendly and saving more resources, they will receive payments for contributing reducing the emission level. When countries like China, India and South Africa successfully reduce their carbon release and is lower than the emission allowance that assigned on them, they have extra credits of emitting CO2. These credits can be sold to countries that need additional credits, especially for developed countries.


(More information about CDM: http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/mechanisms/clean_development_mechanism/items/2718.php)

       So why developed countries are the ones that buying extra credits and always exceed the limits? The key is that for replacing all facilities and infrastructures; this is extremely costly for them but to maintain these facilities, the total amount of CO2 emission will exceed the limits. (Nature, 2007) From my perspective to say, this is a loophole in the procedure for not getting developed countries’ involvements with the greatest number of emission released from them. Approaches to fix this problem need both less developed and developed countries participation. For all the countries, that following the protocol, further adjustments and legislation are required with the constantly increasing of population. 


        First, all countries particularly developing countries have to establish policies to slow down the growth rate of population. The roots for a lot of problems are the constantly increasing population. For developed countries, a time limit would be necessary for them to replacing previous by latest technologies. A somewhat longer period would offset the effects of replacing all facilities within a short time. Otherwise, the effects of lowering the carbon emission will not be so large with developed countries using their old technologies.

        In the end, lowering all emission quotas for everyone will be necessary for every country. This can urge the production from resource concentrated to technology concentrated which may be friendlier to the ecosystems.

(source: http://www.unep.org/publications/ebooks/kick-the-habit/Default.aspx?bid=ID0EUDAI#ID0EIEAI)